A Christmas Carol Quotations

Charles Dickenss novel, A Christmas Carol (1843), is the famous redemption tale of the wicked Ebenezer Scrooge. On Christmas Eve, Scrooge is visited by spirits, including his former business partner Jacob Marley, and the Ghosts of Christmas Past, Christmas Present and Christmas Yet to Come. Each ghost has a different message for Scrooge about how his penny-pinching and indifference has affected himself and others who care about him. By the end of the story, Scrooge has become enlightened and vows to change his mean, miserly ways before its too late.   Famous Quotations The Ghost of Jacob Marley Marleys ghost tells Scrooge why he has  appeared to him on Christmas Eve, wearing the chains he forged in life. It is required of every man, the ghost returned, that the spirit within him should walk abroad among his fellow-men, and travel far and wide; and, if that spirit goes not forth in life, it is condemned to do so after death. The Ghost of Christmas Past After reliving his past and seeing his kindly former mentor Fezziwig, Scrooge is overwhelmed. He tells the Ghost: Spirit! said Scrooge in a broken voice, remove me from this place.I told you these were shadows of the things that have been, said the Ghost. That they are what they are, do not blame me! Ghost of Christmas Present There are some upon this earth of yours, returned the Spirit, who lay claim to know us, and who do their deeds of passion, pride, ill-will, hatred, envy, bigotry, and selfishness in our name, who are as strange to us and all out kith and kin, as if they had never lived. Remember that, and charge their doings on themselves, not us.   The Ghost of Christmas Present is telling Scrooge not to blame his past bad behavior on anyone else or any divine influence.   Ebenezer Scrooge   Scrooge takes a long time to get on board with the spirits, but once he does, he panics that hes run out of time to redeem himself. You may be an undigested bit of beef, a blot of mustard, a crumb of cheese, a fragment of underdone potato. Theres more of gravy than of grave about you, whatever you are! Scrooge says this to the ghost of his late business partner, Jacob Marley. Scrooge is doubting his senses, and cant believe that the Ghost is real.   Ghost of the Future, he exclaimed, I fear you more than any spectre I have seen. But as I know your purpose is to do me good, and as I hope to live to be another man from what I was, I am prepared to bear you company, and do it with a thankful heart. Will you not speak to me? After visits from the Ghosts of Christmas Past and Present, Scrooge most fears the visit of the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come. When he sees what this spirit has to show him, Scrooge begs to know whether the course of events can be changed: Mens courses will foreshadow certain ends, to which, if persevered in, they must lead, said Scrooge. But if the courses  be  departed from, the ends will change. Say it is thus with what you show me!   When he wakes up on Christmas morning, Scrooge realizes he can make amends for his past cruelties.   I will  honour  Christmas in my heart, and try to keep it all the year. I will live in the Past, the Present, and the Future. The Spirits of all Three shall strive within me. I will not shut out the lessons that they teach. Oh, tell me I may sponge away the writing on this stone!

Business Law Ch 1 Solutions 12e - 2134 Words

Chapter 1 Introduction to Law and Legal Reasoning Answers to Questions in the Reviewing Feature AT THE END OF THE CHAPTER 1A. PARTIES The automobile manufacturers are the plaintiffs, and the state of California is the defendant. 2A. Remedy The plaintiffs are seeking an injunction, an equitable remedy, to prevent the state of California from enforcing its statute restricting carbon dioxide emissions. 3A. Source of law This case involves a law passed by the California legislature and a federal statute; thus the primary source of law is statutory law. 4A. Finding the law Federal statutes are found in the United States Code, and California statutes are published in the California Code. You would look in these†¦show more content†¦Answers to Questions and Case Problems AT THE END OF THE CHAPTER 1-1A. Sources of law (Chapter 1—Pages 4–5, 7–8, 9 16) Common law developed in the judicial system of England and its colonies before 1776. Statutory law refers to the body of law that is enacted by state and federal legislatures. Common law is not in any particular form; it consists of quotable statements taken from relevant opinions by prior judges, as well as ancient statutes, and is often summarized in legal treatises. Statutory law is found in the current published laws of each jurisdiction and is relatively concise. Although most states have adopted common law by legislative decree, state legislatures do not feel obligated to pass statutes consistent with common law, and inconsistent statutes supersede common law. Only in areas in which the legislature has not acted does common law serve as the primary authority. For example, the adoption of the Uniform Commercial Code in each state changed some rules of common law previously in effect. 1-2A. Question with Sample Answer: Schools of jurisprudential thought At the time of the Nuremberg trials, â€Å"crimes against humanity† were new international crimes. The laws criminalized such acts as murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation, and other inhumane acts committed against anyShow MoreRelatedSolution Manual, Test Bank and Instructor Manuals34836 Words   |  140 Pagesneed any solution manual, testbank for testbooks from the list, do contact us anytime, we provide competitive prices and fast delivery after payment done. Contact us: smtbportal@gmail.com smtbportal(at)gmail(dot)com 2010 Corporate Partnership Estate and Gift Tax with HR Block TaxCut 4e Pratt Kulsrud Solution Manual 2010 Corporate Partnership Estate and Gift Tax with HR Block TaxCut 4e Pratt Kulsrud Test Bank 2010 Federal Taxation with HR Block TaxCut 4e Pratt Kulsrud Solution Manual Read MoreMonte Carlo Simulation218872 Words   |  876 Pagesessential to our topic, its technical subtleties are less so for purposes of computational work. My use of mathematical tools is often informal: I may assume that a local martingale is a martingale or that a stochastic diï ¬â‚¬erential equation has a solution, for example, without calling attention to these assumptions. Where convenient, I take derivatives without ï ¬ rst assuming diï ¬â‚¬erentiability and I take expectations without verifying integrability. My intent is to focus on the issues most important

Earthquake resistance design Free Essays

Columns can sustain two types of Damage, namely axial- flexural (or combined compression bending) Failure and shear failure. Shear damage is brittle and must be avoided in columns as by providing transverse ties at close spacing which carry the horizontal shear forces and hold concrete and vertical bars together. Horizontal Bands and its Role: Horizontal bands are the most important Earthquake-resistant feature in masonry buildings, since it holds a masonry building as a Single unit by tying all the walls together. We will write a custom essay sample on Earthquake resistance design or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are four types of bands in a typical Masonry building, namely gable band, roof band, lintel band and plinth band. Lintel band is the most Important of all, since it ties the walls together and also breaks the monotonous continuity of wall. The gable band is employed only in Buildings with pitched or sloped roofs. In buildings with flat R. C or reinforced brick roofs, the Roof band is not required. In buildings with pitched r sloped roof, the Roof band is very important. Plinth bands are primarily used where uneven settlement of foundation in soil undergoes bending and pulling actions. It will be better to use ARC bands Shear Wall: Reinforced concrete buildings often have vertical plate-like ARC walls called Shear Walls. These walls generally start at foundation level and are contain souse throughout the building height. Their thickness varies from mm to mm. Shear walls are usually provided along both length and width of buildings. Shear Core Shear walls are like vertically-oriented wide beams that carry earthquake odds downwards to the foundation. Just like reinforced concrete (ARC) beams and columns, ARC 6 shear walls also perform much better if designed to be ductile.. Shear walls, if provide around the elevator core or stair well is known as shear core. Boundary Elements: Under the large overturning effects caused by horizontal earthquake forces, edges of shear walls experience high compressive and tensile stresses. To ensure that shear walls behave in a ductile way, concrete in the wall end regions must be reinforced in a special manner to sustain these load reversals without loosing strength. End regions of a wall with increased infotainment are called boundary elements which have high bending strength. Boundary Elements (Design, Location) Short and Long Columns: During past earthquakes, reinforced concrete (ARC) frame buildings that have columns of different heights within one storey, suffered more damage in the shorter columns as compared to taller columns in the same storey. Short Column Behavior: Poor behavior of short columns is due to the fact that in an earthquake, a tall column and a short column of same cross-section move horizontally by same amount. However, the short column is stiffer as compared to the tall column, ND it attracts larger earthquake force. Therefore it cause X-shaped cracks. Short Column (Failure, Location with Mezzanine floor) Stiffness of a column means resistance to deformation -? the larger is the stiffness, larger is the force required to deform it. This behavior is called Short Column Effect. Design Phenomenon: 7 If it is not possible to avoid short columns, this effect must be addressed in structural design. As per Indian Standard the reinforcement must extend beyond the short column into the columns vertically above. In case of stone or brick masonry the width has to be increased accordingly for short column. BEAM COLUMN JOINT: The points where the beams and columns intersect is a beam column joint. Since they too made of same material we can’t expect to have more strength. So have to take care on these unavoidable joints. During earthquake the upper bars and lower bars act in a different direction causing elongation or damage of joint. Design Strategy: In design practice large column size, having large closed loops are placed inside. These should follow some design specification. Normally we will go for the anchoring of the bars at the ends. Micro concreting can be gone in the congested junction. Beam Column Joint (Location, Failure without proper anchorage) Hidden Beams: These are also called as concealed beams which have their depth equal to that of the slab. These can be provided either on longer or on the shorter span. When provided along longer span it is found that the load carrying capacity increase to 135% with an economical increase of just 0. 4 -? 0. 5%. These beams are designed for negative bending moment which is caused due to load reversal expected during earthquake. 8 Hidden Beam Plastic Hinge: As moment increases, the linear stress distribution form persists and the extreme fiber stress reaches the yield stress value. Further increase in the bending moment cannot produce any increased fiber-stress but causes yield to spread into the inner fibers. As the bending moment Increases more and more fibers reach the yield stress until the final state, the whole of the section will yield. The complete yielding across the section of a beam is termed as plastic hinge. The section now carries the maximum bending moment without strain hardening taking place. The beam can carry no further load. Any further load will only result in increased deflection. The beam will behave as if t is hinged at the plastic section and a condition of collapse has been reached. Reduced Beam Section: This is a section of beam which is provided along the length of steel beams. These will have their area of cross section lesser than the proceeding section to an extent that it will just act as a plastic hinge. In case of steel section also a circular arc will be cut in the required flange portion of span. Reduced Beam Section Pre tensioning Technique: In case Of domes and shell Structures, the lateral thrust experienced will be more. This fault is answered well by pre tensioned concrete. In case of huge trustees like nuclear 9 rectors, large spanning domes we will be having a thin walled cylindrical tube of diameter about 10 to 15 CM and steel rods will be packed tightly. Pre tension elements (After Before Concreting) Then stressing will be done as per design and then the micro concrete is injected in pressure into the tube. This setup is then done with normal concreting. It will resist the lateral thrust in an effective manner. Techniques to Adopt on Sky Scrappers: While speaking about large multistoried buildings we can’t simply go in for normal strengthening of beams, columns, and other structural elements. There we had an alternative to speak about some elements such as Bearing, Bracing, Friction pendulum and Dampers which are primarily meant to take Vibration produced by lateral force. Rubber Bearings: Rubber bearings are made from layers Of rubber with thin steel plates between them, and a thick steel plate on the top and bottom. The bearings are placed between the bottom of a building and its foundation . The bearings are designed to be very stiff and strong for vertical load to carry the weight of the building and designed to be much weaker for horizontal loads, so that they can move sideways due to lateral thrust. Rubber Bearing Viscous Dampers Viscous Dampers: Viscous fluid dampers are meant as shock absorbers. They consist of a closed cylinder containing a viscous fluid and a piston having small holes in its head. As the 10 piston move in and out of the cylinder oil is forced in and out causing friction. The damper is usually installed as part of a building’s bracing system using single diagonals. As the building sways to and fro, the piston is forced In and out of the cylinder. Friction Dampers: Friction dampers are designed to have moving parts that will slide over each other. The damper is made up from a set Of steel plates, with slotted holes in hem, and they are bolted together. At high enough forces, the plates can slide over each other creating friction causing energy dissipation. The plates are specially treated to increase the friction between them. Friction Dampers Cross Bearings (In foundation) Cross Bracing: These are very common in case of vertical load distribution. But we can also adopt this technique to foundation, in which the entire building will be laid in a cross horizontal bracing rather than placing it directly on foundation. It will distribute the load to joints and through foundation finally. Friction bearing (Location, Appearance) 11 Friction Pendulum: Considering about the large multistory buildings, we can always expect some appreciable movement in it base due to the vibration. Instead to resist against it completely we can allow the structure to deform at its foundation level by provision of friction pendulum without damaging the structural integrity. How to cite Earthquake resistance design, Papers

Nobody Like a Copycat free essay sample

Conveniently, while students are completing their research, many subjects have topics that represent their Houghton so perfectly that they can not put it in their own words. And instead of taking the effort to word the information differently or citing references correctly they are in violation of copyright laws, the act known as plagiarism. Professors and faculty members are faced with the need to Stop this unethical behavior by first coming to the realization that plagiarism is a problem in todays academic society and the reasons behind the students behavior and then deciding on the best way to stop plagiarism from getting out of control. The negative impact with the growing trend of plagiarism not only affects he faculty members in todays academic society but the students as well. According to a study conducted by Duke Universitys Center for Academic Integrity (Vincent, Overlord, and Adams, 2006), internet plagiarism has quadrupled in the past six years. The growing amount of information available for students to gain knowledge online is making it harder for professors to check references and possible plagiarism. In a 1999 survey, 10% of students admitted to popularizing off the Internet, that number rose to 41 % in 2001 (Toots, 2004).One could assume that the alarming rate of increase could possibly be due to the students lack of guilt in admitting to plagiarism instead of the overall increase in the amount of plagiarism itself. Whether this assumption is valid or not, the situation at hand is still a growing dilemma and is not committed primarily by the lower-achieving students but the high-achieving students that have the most to gain (Toots, 2004). The deterioration of ethics in the academic world cannot wholly be blamed on the students; fore the administration is responsible for taking actions against these methods. Collegiate studies showed that nearly 88% of faculty embers admitted they observed some form of cheating and that only 32% of those members did anything about the situation (Morales, 2000). Many professors rather have a favorable evaluation from students than to deal with the hassles of trying to prove that a student has committed plagiarism. These hassles include lack of support from the administration and fears of being sued by student who are acquitted of any charges (Morales, 2000). What good is to teach that plagiarism is ethically wrong when the professors who teach this fundamental value will not take the steps to correct the problem?These students who commit plagiarism whether it is from laziness or from not being taught correctly on proper citation are the leaders of the future. A very disturbing thought if one thinks about it. The World Wide Web with its vast and seemingly unlimited resources of knowledge harbor sites that make money for creating ideas and writing research and term papers for students. A student can easily purchase an original essay from Graveside. Com or have experts in India complete computer-programming homework from Orientated. Com (Vincent et al. 2006).With the wide spread use of the Internet throughout the campuses ND the pressures of deadlines on students, especially during then end of term, this booming business of buying and selling of popularized work is being used more often. Students only have to look to search engines such as Google to find sites like Appeasers. Com or Essayists. Com that offer thousands of subjects to relieve some of the pressures of college (Toots, 2004). For one day delivery, for the low price of 324. 95, a student can purchase an original essay including free bibliography and footnotes from schoolbooks. Mom (Mackerel, 2006). This price drops to $14. 95 if one would like three day delivery for their essay. Imagine, students price shopping for their original essays on the internet. I was going to go with Orientated. Com but schoolbooks. Com was offering free footnotes this month. You cant beat an offer like that. What has become of ethics in todays academic society? University of Central England found (McLeod, 2006) that the average student was posting four to seven assignments online to be completed by someone else.The study also discovered that companies, acting as middlemen, were bidding on assignments so that it is harder for students to be found out by faculty members. When your in the black-market or popularized assignments, one cannot be to careful. Sean Currie, a junior from the University of Marquette, Wisconsin was interviewed (Toots, 2004). He states that the reason he uses the products offered online is because Of the pressure to succeed. He goes on to say that, If you get a 4. 0 or a 3. 5, youre going to die old and lonely in a gutter. And in his wisdom he adds that the smartest cheaters do not copy or cut-and-paste but they steal others ideas. With that being said, would it not be scary to find out that he became your stock broker or your lawyer? He represents the voice of todays academic society and tomorrows ethical business man. While students have used the Internet to find various sites to have their assignments cultured for them; professors have an assortment of sites to submit assignments to check for plagiarism. Turning. Com is by far the most widely known web based plagiarism checker available for university faculty to use.The company was created by paradigms in the late 1 asss and represents clients from over 50 countries (Toots, 2004). Turning. Com has billions Of published papers and prior essays written by students to compare against the submitted material (McLeod, 2006). The database will then spot any suspicious information and present the professor with a side-by-side copy of both the submitted paper and the original work found. The professor can then determine if the student copied the information or if the information is just written fairly alike. This side-by-side copy of information is needed when presenting a case of plagiarism to the university administration. Another site available is authenticate. Com, created by John Barrier founder of and CEO of paradigms. authenticate is an offshoot of the Turning. Com technology that the company created and is used by 2,500 universities and gig schools nationwide (Berger, 2004). Clients of authenticate can be expected to pay a base fee of $1 ,OHO plus additional fees for every 500 words submitted. Mudroom. Com is also a plagiarism detection seems that was made available in the fall of 2003.Annual fees for this service range from $5,000 to $1 5,000 (Berger, 2004). Turn-around time for results through Mudroom is 12 to 24 hours. While many universities and newspaper companies use these anti-plagiarism sites there are those people in society that feel that the use of these sites are themselves using unethical behavior. Peter Levin, of the London School of Economics states (McLeod, 2006), Ironically, Turning is taking millions Of previously submitted papers, in each of which the copyright resides with the student author, and C without the freely given consent of the author C] using them to make money. Although the sites are not violating any copyright laws, the thought of a legitimate business making money off of the writings of others without consent could be questionable. Without these sites, teachers would be facing an unbearable amount of research to verify every students written paper s. Whether or not sing the plagiarism sites is thought of by some as unethical the alternative of not using them would be to ultimately let those already popularizing and many more to get away with it unchecked.With the rise of plagiarism in the academic society the university faculty and administrative body need to come up with ideas to keep plagiarism at bay. Some universities require all [plagiarism] cases to be reported to special committees while other universities tend to let the teacher deal with the offending student (Toots, 2004). Universities have to lay down rules and punishments for any academic conducts and be willing to follow through with their policies. Students and faculty members should be presented with a Code of Ethics that goes into detail of what is considered plagiarism and the punishments if one is caught.The teacher should not have to be the ones to carry out the investigations or hand out the punishments. Professors should also not be criticized or dismissed w hen they come to the school administration with a case of plagiarism. The school administration should conduct a formal investigation on the said student showing proof of innocence or guilt before coming to the punishment of the offense. Plagiarism should be considered a severe offense and thus have severe punishments according to the offense made.Minor offenses could be that the student did not site information obtained correctly or bits and pieces of information has been cut and pasted into the paper. The extreme offenses of plagiarism would include those students who cheat for their grade by coping papers written by others or buying their assignments through the Web. Various punishments for these said offences could mean: formal counseling from the administration; documentation of the offence to be placed in the students file; loss of credit for the assignment r the entire class; suspension; and/or expulsion.Professors should try to create a learning environment that prevents plagiarism from becoming a problem. The students should be taught thoroug hly on citing information and referencing material during writing so that simple mistakes of citing are not an issue. Assignments could be designed to have the students reflect on their own progress, or draw on personal experience. (McLeod, 2006) Doing so would make plagiarism harder because every student has different experiences that he or she can relate to for any given idea.Another idea to press plagiarism is to have the student discuss the material in class, like an oral exam (McLeod, 2006). If the student has to verbally explain the assignment and how one came to that conclusion then the student will have to have an understanding of the information being discussed. Other ideas are to have the students complete the assignment in stages (Puke, 2005). An example would be for the professor to have the outline, rough draft, and the final copy presented for credit. This proves a work in progress that would eliminate the possibility that the student purchased his or her assignment through a paper mill.